On the grand scale of American casino games, roulette has one of the smallest followings, with nowhere near the popularity of slot machines, video poker, blackjack, or craps. It draws more players than baccarat, mostly because the baccarat pits have traditionally been closed to low-budget players. But roulette is in danger of being passed in popularity by newer games such as Caribbean Stud Poker and Let It Ride. In Europe, on the other hand, roulette draws big crowds. It is one of the mainstays of Monte Carlo and other European resorts.
Ball Bouncing. In the past roulette balls were made out of ivory. At present, in most cases they are molded out of acetal, nylon, or phenolic. The material, which the ball is made out of, plays a key role, as it usually impacts the ball's liveliness. The roulette table usually imposes minimum and maximum bets, and these rules usually apply separately for all of a player's inside and outside bets for each spin. For inside bets at roulette tables, some casinos may use separate roulette table chips of various colors to distinguish players at the table.
The difference is the 00 featured on the American wheel, which is not placed on the French wheel in use at European casinos. The French wheel has 36 numbers plus a single 0; the American wheel has 36 numbers plus 0 and 00. All bets at both wheels are paid at odds that would be true if only the 36 numbers existed. The house advantage in roulette comes from the 0 on the French wheel and the 0 and 00 on the American wheel.
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You can tell an American roulette wheel by the 00. The French wheel would be missing this number.
The bottom line is that American roulette players buck a house edge of 5.26 percent on all bets but one, which carries a 7.89 percent house edge. European players face only a 2.7 percent edge, and that is lowered to 1.4 percent on even-money bets by a rule called en prison, which is described later in this article. At 1.4 percent, roulette becomes competitive with other casino games; at 5.26 percent, it's a very difficult game to beat.
A few French wheels are in use in the United States mostly in high-limit rooms. They usually carry larger minimum bets than American wheels -- but a player in these areas who plans to make larger bets and wants to play roulette should seek out a French wheel.
Even at the higher house advantage on an American wheel, most casino-goers sit in for a few spins sooner or later. It can be an entertaining, relaxing way to spend some time. The dealer -- the French may call them croupiers, but in the United States they're dealers -- gives players plenty of time to choose among the dozens of available betting combinations; then it takes time to spin the wheel and the ball before a winner is determined.
So while craps moves at 100 or so rolls per hour and blackjack about 60 hands per hour, roulette moves at a more stately pace -- roughly 45 spins per hour. Facing fewer decisions per hour, the roulette player who bets $5 per spin faces an expected loss per hour only slightly higher than that of an average blackjack player who has not learned basic strategy. In this article, you will learn the basics of roulette, as well as how and when to bet, to increase your odds of winning. Let's begin by getting you familiar with the equipment and rules of the game.
Equipment and Table Personnel
![Roulette Roulette](/uploads/1/2/5/2/125223413/792568023.jpg)
Roulette is played at an elongated table. At one end is a wheel, with a notch in the table where the dealer stands. The table is covered with a felt layout with boxes for the numbers 1 through 36 arranged in three columns and 12 rows. At the end of the portion of the layout closest to the dealer, above the numbers 1, 2, and 3, are boxes for 0 and 00. Each of the numbers 1 through 36 is surrounded by either a red or black oval or rectangle. The 0 and 00 have green backgrounds. This rectangular grid, with a box for each number, is used for wagers called 'inside bets.'
Outside the numbered boxes are several other boxes for 'outside bets,' encompassing up to 18 numbers at a time. Most of the areas for outside bets are on the long side of the table across from the dealer. However, at the end of the rectangle away from the dealer are boxes for bets on each 12-number column.
The wheel itself has 38 numbered slots, each with the same colored background as the corresponding number on the table layout. The small, hard ball used to be made of ivory; now it is usually plastic. The dealer spins the wheel in one direction, then spins the ball in the opposite direction around a track on the bowl-shaped recess that holds the wheel. When the speed of the ball decreases, it falls off the track toward the wheel itself, and bounces around until it settles in a numbered slot.
Roulette Chips
Regular casino chips are not usually used at a roulette table. Instead, when the player places money on the layout and asks for chips, the dealer will give out special roulette chips. Each player gets a different color of chips so the dealer can keep track of which chips belong to which player. Because the house does not want to get in a dispute over what chips belong to whom, couples or friends playing together may not share chips. Even husbands and wives playing together are required to play separate colors.
The dealer also will ask the player what denomination to designate the chips. At a $5 minimum table, for example, the player usually may designate each chip to be worth $1, but has the option of making them worth $5, $10, or any other denomination. Once the designation has been made, the dealer will place a chip atop a rail near the wheel, then place a marker atop it to indicate the value of that color chip for that session.
Because the next player to use the same color chips may designate a different value, roulette chips have no value away from the roulette wheel. The cashier's cage will not accept them. When ready to leave the table, place all remaining roulette chips on the layout and ask the dealer to cash out. The dealer will exchange them for the equivalent amount of regular casino chips.
The game of roulette is an iconic casino game. It is not difficult to learn to play, and you can learn how to bet on a roulette table in a matter of minutes. The trick, however, is not learning how to bet, but how to win those bets.
Understanding the Basics of Roulette
There are two primary variations of roulette: American and European. Both variations start with a wheel divided into 36 numbered slots with alternating red and black coloration. The numbers are not in numerical order. In the European variant, a green zero slot is also added, making 37 total slots on the wheel. In American roulette, an additional green slot labeled double zero is placed next to the green zero slot. Thus, in American roulette, there are 38 total slots on the wheel.
Bets are placed on a table with 3 columns 12 numbers with the same red and black colors that are on the wheel. The green zero and double zero are set above the columns. Outside of the columns are the words even and odd along with a black and red diamond. The 3 columns are labeled 2 to 1 at the bottom and are divided into 1st, 2nd, and 3nd 12’s on the side. There is also a space labeled 1-18 and another 19-36.
When the dealer, or croupier, spins the wheel in one direction, spin a small ball in the opposite direction on the inside of the wheel. As the spin slows, gravity pulls the ball down until it hits a divider between the numbered slots. Because of the conflicting spins of the ball and wheel, the ball will bounce several times until it comes to rest in one of the colored and numbered slots. The object of the game is to predict where the ball will land and place your best accordingly.
The Most Common Roulette Bets are Easy to Learn
There are dozens of variations to roulette betting, but there is only a handful of common bets. In the end, the house odds are the same for all of them, so it really does not give you any advantage to knowing all sorts of complex betting strategies, despite what many “systems” may try to tell you. We’ll explain this shortly.
The easiest bets to understand are even/odd and red/black. These are even money bets, which means that if you bet $10 and win you get $20; your initial ten and a matching ten. To place one of these bets, you simply put your chips on the words even, odd, or one of the colored diamonds.
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Other easy “outside” bets (because the are on the outside of the number grid) are made by placing your chips on the 1-18 or 19-36, the 2 to 1 boxes at the bottom of the column, or in one of the “third” boxes to the side of the grid. You can also bet on the green zero or double zero.
On the inside of the grid, you can put your chips on a single number or on any intersection of the numbers. For example, on the bottom left of the board the numbers 31 and 32 sit horizontally to each other and they are directly above the 34 and 34 so that 31 is directly above the 34. You could place a chip on any single number, on the intersection of two numbers such as 28/29, 28/31, 31/32, or 29/32. You can also place a chip on the place where all four numbers meet.
Note that you do not have to limit your selections and can place as many bets as you want. For example, you could bet on reds and evens, or on the 2nd third and black. Obviously, the more bets you place the greater the chances that your number will be a winner. Unfortunately, unless the payout on this winning number is high enough to cover all of the bets that you lost, you end up losing money. Some books and systems will tell you that by mixing your bets in a particular way you can increase your odds of winning. The truth is that no combination of bets is going to reduce the house’s built-in advantage.
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Learning How to Bet on a Roulette Table is Really About Understanding the Odds
You may have noticed that some of the bets are easier to win than others. This is known as the “odds” of winning. For example, you would have a 50 percent chance of winning by betting on black, red, odd, or even if there were only the 36 numbers, but because of the green zero and double zero, the chances of spinning one of these is not 18 out of 36, but 18 out of 38 or 47.37 percent. This means that the house has a 52.63 percent chance of winning. When you hear that the house has a 5.26 percent advantage, this is the difference between the house’s change of winning and yours.
The more difficult the bet, the lower the odds of winning. For example, betting on a single number gives you a 1 in 37 or 1 in 38 chance of winning depending on whether the wheel has a single zero, or a zero and double zero. Divide one by 37 or 38 and you get a 2.70 percent or 2.63 percent, respectively.
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The payouts on each bet are based on the odds. The higher the odds, the less the payout; the less the odds, the greater the payout. A simple red, black, odd, or even bet will pay out even money. A single number will pay out at 35 to 1. Regardless of the odds and payout, however, the house always keeps its edge.
It’s Not Knowing How to Bet on a Roulette Table, It’s Knowing How to Win
The reality of roulette is that in its purest form it cannot be beaten without luck. Despite what the different “systems” try to convince you, the odds are the odds. Most systems are based on the “junk math” concept that one spin will influence the next. Yet, as any mathematician will tell you, the probability of spinning a number or color is the same every time regardless of what happened before. For example, if the dealer spun 28 reds in a row, you may think that it is now more likely that a black will be spun because it is “due”. After all, a black has to be spun eventually. However, mathematically, the chance of a red being spun next is the same as it was for each of the others, exactly 47.37 percent. While logic says that a black must be spun eventually, math says that the odds of it happening on the next spin are the same as for each other spin. You do not gain any advantage by spotting or tracking streaks or number patterns.
Who Made The Roulette Wheel
If the odds are the odds, how can you win? The secret is found in science. Roulette is a game of physical properties: a spinning wheel, a spinning ball, gravity, a human dealer. Physics is the science of studying the physical world. Through physics, predictions can be made that will increase your odds of selecting the correct number. You will still lose more times than you win, but because of the relationship between the odds and payout, if you can increase the chance of a single number selection hitting even one percent more often, you will be making huge profits.
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In the end, it is not knowing dozens of fancy bets that is going to allow you to win at roulette, it is using science to accurately predict what numbers are more likely to hit so you can increase your odds of winning.